Dialysis surgery is a critical step in managing chronic kidney disease, especially when your kidneys can no longer function efficiently on their own. The team at Legae Vascular provides advanced, evidence-based therapies, including both open and endovascular surgical procedures, to create durable, functional dialysis access points. Our vascular specialist in Polokwane ensures patients receive individualised care within a world-class healthcare facility.
This guide covers everything you need to know before undergoing dialysis surgery, helping you make informed decisions about your health and treatment plan.
What is Dialysis Surgery?
Dialysis surgery involves creating a vascular access point that allows blood to be removed, filtered through a dialysis machine, and returned to the body. Since this process needs to be repeated multiple times a week, a reliable and long-term access method is vital.
There are three main types of dialysis access created through surgery:
- Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula: A direct connection between an artery and a vein, usually in the arm. This is the preferred method due to the lower risk of infection and longer lifespan.
- Arteriovenous (AV) Graft: A synthetic tube connects an artery to a vein. This option is used when a patient’s veins are not suitable for a fistula.
- Central Venous Catheter (CVC): A temporary option where a catheter is inserted into a large vein in the neck or chest, generally used when immediate dialysis is necessary.
Why is Dialysis Surgery Important?
Without functional kidney filtration, waste and fluid build up in the body, leading to severe complications or even death. Dialysis access surgery ensures that patients with kidney failure can safely undergo routine dialysis sessions, which are essential for survival.
Preparing for Your Dialysis Surgery
Referral and Consultation
Your nephrologist will refer you to a vascular specialist to discuss the best access type. At Legae Vascular, we perform a thorough preoperative evaluation to assess vein and artery health, typically using Doppler ultrasound imaging.
Medical Review
You may need to pause certain medications (e.g., blood thinners) and undergo lab tests. Inform your surgeon of any underlying conditions such as diabetes or heart disease.
Lifestyle Adjustments
- Stop smoking to enhance healing.
- Keep blood pressure and diabetes well controlled.
- Stay well-hydrated before surgery, unless advised otherwise.
Surgical Planning
The procedure is generally performed on an outpatient basis under local anaesthesia. Unless complications arise, you can return home the same day.
What to Expect During Dialysis Surgery
- Duration: Surgery typically lasts between one to two hours.
- Anaesthesia: Local anaesthesia is used for most AV fistulas and grafts; sedation may also be given.
- Procedure: The vascular surgeon will make a small incision, create the fistula or graft, and close the incision with sutures.
At Legae Vascular, we use minimally invasive techniques whenever possible, reducing recovery time and improving outcomes.
After Surgery: Recovery and Healing
Postoperative Care
- Elevate the arm to reduce swelling.
- Avoid lifting heavy objects for a few weeks.
- Keep the site clean and dry.
Maturation Period
AV fistulas require four to eight weeks to mature before they can be used for dialysis, while grafts have a shorter maturation time of about two to three weeks.
Monitoring
Watch for signs of infection, excessive bleeding, or poor blood flow. Our team will schedule follow-up appointments and provide detailed instructions to ensure proper healing.
Benefits of Choosing Legae Vascular for Dialysis Access Surgery
- Experienced vascular specialists with advanced training in dialysis access creation and maintenance.
- State-of-the-art diagnostic and surgical equipment in a leading Polokwane healthcare facility.
- Patient-centred approach that ensures individualised treatment planning and compassionate follow-up care.
- Evidence-based techniques for both open and endovascular procedures.
Risks and Complications
While generally safe, dialysis surgery carries some risks:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Bleeding
- Narrowing or blockage of the access over time
Legae Vascular mitigates these risks through skilled surgical care and proactive patient education.
Frequently Asked Questions About Dialysis Surgery
What is the best type of access for dialysis?
An AV fistula is considered the best long-term option due to its low risk of infection and superior durability. However, suitability depends on your vein health, which your surgeon will assess.
How long does dialysis access last?
- AV fistulas can last over 10 years.
- AV grafts typically last two to five years.
- Central venous catheters are intended for short-term use (weeks to months).
Is dialysis surgery painful?
You may experience some mild discomfort and swelling, but anaesthesia is used during the procedure, and pain is usually well-managed afterwards.
When can I start using my dialysis access?
- Fistula: Six to eight weeks after surgery.
- Graft: Two to three weeks after surgery.
- Catheter: Can be used immediately, but has a higher risk of infection.
Can I shower or bathe after dialysis surgery?
Keep the surgical site dry for at least 48 hours. Do not submerge the arm until your doctor has cleared you.
Contact Legae Vascular for Details
Preparing for dialysis surgery is a significant step in managing kidney failure, and the success of your dialysis access can significantly affect your quality of life. We are committed to helping you navigate this journey with expert care and advanced surgical techniques tailored to your needs.
If you need dialysis access in Polokwane or surrounding areas, contact Legae Vascular for a consultation and take the first step toward safer, more effective dialysis.